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Charles H. Bennett is an IBM Fellow at IBM Research, Yorktown Heights. His recent work has concentrated on a re-examination of the physical basis of information, applying quantum physics to the problems surrounding information exchange. Bennett has played a major role in elucidating the interconnections between physics and information, particularly in the realm of quantum computation, but also in cellular automata and reversible computing. He discovered, together with Gilles Brassard, the concept of quantum cryptography and is one of the founding fathers of modern quantum information theory. |
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Prof. Gilles Brassard, 2010 Gilles Brassard is a Professor at the Université de Montréal. He laid the foundations of quantum cryptography at a time when only a handful of people worldwide were interested in quantum information processing. Quantum cryptography makes it possible to communicate in perfect secrecy with no need to establish a shared secret key. Among his many other achievements are the invention of privacy amplification, quantum teleportation, quantum entanglement distillation, and amplitude amplification. |
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Prof. Andries van Dam, 2008 Andries van Dam’s research focuses on computer graphics, hypermedia systems, post-WIMP user interfaces such as pen-centric computing, and educational software. He has been working for over four decades on systems for creating and reading electronic books with interactive illustrations for use in teaching and research. Van Dam is most known for building the first hypertext system, HES, in the late 1960s. With this system he was an early proponent of the use of hypertext in the humanities and in pedagogy. His continued interest in hypertext was crucial to the development of modern markup and browsing technology. |
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Prof. Hector Garcia-Molina, 2007 Hector Garcia-Molina is a pioneer and one of the leading researchers in the fields of distributed computing and information systems, largely impacting the foundations of the whole discipline of computer science. In the 1980s, he studied transactional models for distributed information systems, devised ways to implement transactional properties in a distributed system, and proposed consistency models for replicated data. Another area for which he made fundamental contributions is the field of data integration. He devised the state-of-the-art framework for entity resolution. Recently, Garcia-Molina has worked on Internet technologies. His group developed the first systems to detect Spam on the Internet in various form. |
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Prof. Eugene W. Myers, 2006
Eugene Myers’ research interests include the design and analysis of algorithms for problems in computational molecular biology, discrete pattern matching, and computer graphics. Currently, he focuses on unraveling the architecture and function of the brain from imaging data. He is best known for the development of BLAST – the most widely used tool in bioinformatics – and for the algorithms underlying the whole genome shotgun sequencing protocol he developed at Celera Corporation. These algorithms proved to be the keys for delivering the human, fly, and mouse genomes in a three year period. |
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Prof. Donald E. Knuth, 2005 Donald Knuth has been called the "father" of the analysis of algorithms. He is best known as the author of the multi-volume “The Art of Computer Programming”, the earliest and one of the most highly respected references in computer science. Knuth systematized formal mathematical techniques for algorithms analysis, shaped the field of rigorous analysis of the computational complexity of algorithms, and made many seminal contributions to several branches of theoretical computer science. In addition to his fundamental theoretical contributions, Knuth is the creator of the well-known TeX computer typesetting system. He was awarded the singular academic title of Professor Emeritus of the Art of Computer Programming. In 1971, Knuth was the recipient of the first ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award. He has received various other awards including the ACM Turing Award in 1974. |
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Prof. Barbara H. Liskov, 2005
Barbara Liskov made many important contributions to the theory and practice of programming. One of her most influential contributions is the concept of data abstraction which she pioneered in the CLU programming language. Abstract data types allow one to organize complex systems on the basis of the types of objects they manipulate - they provide the foundation for today’s object-oriented programming languages. In receiving the Turing Award for 2009, Barbara Liskov became only the second woman to win the prize. |
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Prof. Richard M. Karp, 2002
Richard Karp’s research activities center around the theory of algorithms including the development of efficient algorithms for network flow and other combinatorial optimization problems, the identification of polynomial-time computability with the intuitive notion of algorithmic efficiency, and, most notably, contributions to the theory of NP-completeness. Beyond that, he has shaped directions such as parallel algorithms, probabilistic analysis of algorithms, and randomized algorithms. Richard Karp has made very significant contributions in the field for which he received the Turing Award in 1985. |
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Dr. Ole-Johan Dahl, 2000 Ole-Johan Dahl (1931–2002) was co-creator of the first object-oriented programming language, SIMULA, with his longtime colleague Kristen Nygaard. Dahl and Nygaard were the first to develop the concepts of class, subclass (allowing information hiding), inheritance, dynamic object creation, etc., all important aspects of the object-oriented paradigm. Their work has led to a fundamental change in how software systems are designed and programmed, resulting in reusable, reliable, scalable applications that have streamlined the process of writing software code and facilitated software programming. Current object-oriented programming languages include C++, Java, Eiffel, C# and others, widely used in programming a wide range of applications from large-scale distributed systems to small, personal applications, including personal computers, home entertainment devices, and stand-alone arcade applications. Dahl and Nygaard shared the Turing Award in 2001 and the IEEE John von Neumann Medal in 2002. |
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Prof. Vinton G. Cerf, 1998 Vinton Gray Cerf is widely recognized as one of "the fathers of the internet", sharing this title with Robert E. Kahn. Both invented jointly the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), the common computer language that gave birth to the internet. In the early days, Cerf was a program manager for the United States Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) funding various groups to develop TCP/IP technology. When the Internet began to transition to a commercial opportunity during the late 1980s, he moved to MCI Worldcom, one of the largest telecommunications companies in the world. As vice president of MCI Digital Information Services, he led the engineering of MCI Mail, the first commercial e-mail service to be connected to the Internet. From 2000–2007, Cerf was chairman of the board of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Since 2010, Cerf has served as a Commissioner for the Broadband Commission for Digital Development, a UN body which aims to make broadband internet technologies more widely available.His work and contributions was acknowledged and lauded, repeatedly, with honorary degrees and awards that include the Turing Award (with Robert Kahn, 2004), the Charles Stark Draper award of the National Academy of Engineering, the IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal, the ACM Software System Award. In 1997, President Bill Clinton presented Cerf and Kahn with the National Medal of Technology in recognition of their pioneering work. In 2005, President George Bush awarded both with the highest civilian honor in the United States, the Presidential Medal of Freedom. |
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Dr. Robert E. Kahn, 1998
Robert Elliot Kahn was responsible for the system design of the Arpanet, the first packet switched network. He conceived the idea of open-architecture networking and was a co-inventor of the TCP/IP protocols. In 1972, Kahn moved to the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and initiated the U.S. government's billion dollar Strategic Computing Program, the largest computer research and development program ever undertaken by the federal administration. Robert Kahn also coined the term National Information Infrastructure (NII) in the mid 1980s which later became more widely known as the Information Super Highway. Currently, Kahn is Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI), which he founded in 1986. CNRI was created as a not-for-profit organization providing leadership and funding for information infrastructure research and development.Robert Kahn received numerous prestigious awards for his work on the internet, including the Turing Award (with Vinton Cerf, 2004), the Charles Stark Draper prize of the National Academy of Engineering, the IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal, the ACM Software System Award. In 1997, President Bill Clinton presented Kahn and Cerf with the National Medal of Technology in recognition of their pioneering work. In 2005, President George Bush awarded both with the highest civilian honor in the United States, the Presidential Medal of Freedom. |
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Dr. Christos H. Papadimitriou, 1997 Christos Harilaos Papadimitriou is one of the leading international experts in the field of theoretical computer science. His books, “Elements of the Theory of Computation”, “Computational Complexity” and “Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Complexity”, are today the standard textbooks in their areas. He also delved into other topics like the economics of the programming market, the mysterious complexity of the Web or quantum computing. In addition to his scientific pursuits, Papadimitriou wrote a novel, “Turing”, which is both a romance and a history of ideas in computer science. He is also one of the authors of “Logicomix”, a graphical novel which tells the story of the early-20th-century search for a logical foundation for mathematics. For his groundbreaking work in computational complexity and algorithmic game theory, Papadimitriou was awarded numerous distinctions, among them the Knuth Prize and Charles Babbage Prize. He was inducted as a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and of the US National Academy of Engineering. |
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Prof. Charles P. Thacker, 1996 For over 35 years, Charles P. Thacker has led innovation in the area of distributed personal computing. He is one of the primary forces behind the introduction of the modern-day PC. While working at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center as a research fellow from 1970 to 1983, he served as the principal designer for the Alto personal computer system, widely considered the prototype for both workstations and windowed personal computers. |
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Prof. Konrad Zuse, 1991
Konrad Zuse (1910–1995) had no background in electronics, but he designed and built the first computers. He majored in civil engineering in college and went to work at the Henschel Aviation Company. Tired of repeating calculation procedures he built a first mechanical calculator: the Z1 (1938), the first computer. It was a binary calculating machine which featured separated memory storage and program control to perform floating-point arithmetic, with a memory capacity of 64 words, each comprising 22 bits. “You could say that I was too lazy to calculate”, Zuse later said, “and so I invented the computer”. His second machine, the Z2, used 800 discarded phone relay devices as arithmetic and control units, but was never finished, as Zuse was drafted into the German Army. Completed in 1941, Zuse's Z3 was about the size of two small trucks standing on end, and structured much like a modern computer, with a control unit and input/output devices. It was the first program-controlled electromechanical digital computer. During the last days of war the next model Z4 was transported under adventurous circumstances via truck and horse-drawn cart from Berlin to Goettingen and then to the Allgaeu. Hidden in a stable, it remained undiscovered by the war parties. In 1945/46, Konrad Zuse accomplished another extraordinary achievement: He created “Plankalkuel” (plan calculus), the first algorithmic programming language. Zuse was also the first programmer dedicated to put this or any language to practical benefits, e.g. design a chess game. In 1946, he started his own business to manufacture his computers, and leased in 1950 a Z4 to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Capable of running advanced scientific applications involving up to 1000 instructions per hour, it was the only operational computer in Europe. |
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Prof. Frederick P. Brooks, Jr., 1991 In 1956, Frederick Phillips joined IBM where he worked on the architecture of the IBM 7030 Stretch, a supercomputer ordered by the U.S. National Security Agency for the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the IBM 7950 Harvest computer for the National Security Agency. However, Brooks is best-known for managing the development of IBM’s System/360 family of computers and then of the Operating System/360 software. He coined the term computer architecture. His System/360 team first achieved strict compatibility, upward and downward, in a computer family. Brooks distilled later the successes and failures of the development of OS/360 in his seminal book “The Mythical Man-Month: Essays in Software Engineering” (1975). In 1964, Frederick Brooks founded the Computer Science Department at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and chaired it for 20 years. His principal research is in real-time, three-dimensional, computer graphics – “virtual reality”. His research has helped biochemists solve the structure of complex molecules and enabled architects to “walk through” structures still being designed. For his “landmark contributions to computer architecture, operating systems, and software engineering”, Frederick Brooks received Turing Award in 1999. He was also honored with the IEEE John von Neumann Medal (1993), the IEEE Computer Pioneer Award (1982) and the National Medal of Technology and Innovation (1985). |
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Dr. Butler W. Lampson, 1986
Currently, Butler Lampson is an Adjunct Professor Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at MIT and a Technical Fellow at Microsoft Research working on security, privacy, and fault-tolerance, and kibitzing in systems, networking, and other areas. Lampson was one of the founding members of Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in 1970. His now famous vision of a personal computer was captured in the 1972 memo entitled "Why Alto?". In 1973, the Xerox Alto, with its three-button mouse and full-page-sized monitor was born. He received the ACM Software Systems Award in 1984 for his work on the Alto and the IEEE Computer Pioneer award in 1996. Butler Lampson was honored in 1992, with the Turing Award for “contributions to the development of distributed, personal computing environments and the technology for their implementation: workstations, networks, operating systems, programming systems, displays, security and document publishing.” |
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Dr. David L. Parnas, 1986
David L. Parnas is an early pioneer of software engineering who developed the concept of information hiding in modular programming, which is a core principle of modern software technology, applied in many programming languages including object-oriented ones. He is also noted for his work on documenting large, complex software systems. Parnas is interested in most aspects of computer system design. In his teaching, as well as in his research, he seeks to find a "middle road" between theory and practice, emphasizing the identification of theoretical results and notations that can be applied to improve the quality of software products. Many of his papers have been found to have lasting value. For instance, a paper written 25 years ago, based on a study of avionics software, was awarded an ACM SIGSOFT Outstanding Research prize in 1998. David Parnas was presented in 2007 the IEEE Computer Society’s onetime sixtieth anniversary award. |
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Prof. Ambros P. Speiser, 1986 Ambros Speiser (1922–2003) was one of the last of the early pioneers of digital computer design and an insightful initiator and staunch supporter of scientific research. He was the leading hardware designer for the construction of the legendary ERMETH computer built at ETH between 1950 and 1955 – a period when Konrad Zuse's Z4 was used at ETH as the first digital computer at a continental European university. In 1956, well aware of Speiser’s talents, IBM chose him to build up, establish and lead its Zurich Research laboratory. Soon after, BBC (Brown Boveri & Company, now ABB) asked him to found and direct its corporate research laboratory in Baden (Switzerland). Ambros Speiser fulfilled this assignment until his retirement in 1987. In his lifetime he was not only a researcher with the highest aspirations, but also – particularly when he retired – one of the most articulate and respected scientific journalist. |
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